What Is PHP?

The full form of PHP is Hypertext PreProcessor and is a server-side scripting language. The PHP code can be combined with regular HTML tags and parsed on the server. The creator of PHP, Rasmus Lerdorf first displayed the language in the form of a Perl script . In 1997 it was adapted by Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski to use a C-written compiler. They completely reconstructed the original PHP into the web language that we know and use today.

Uses of PHP

It is used in the creation of dynamic web pages. Web developers like it because of its fast parsing and flexibility and versatility. PHP is a popular tool for managing a form's data after it is submitted and comes built in with many different interfaces and API's. It has database capability built into the language, the most common database being MySQL. Typically the PHP can connect to any SQL enabled database.

The Syntax of PHP is similar in structure to Perl and C where curly braces { } define blocks of code and semi-colons specify the end of a statement PHP is as easy to learn as Perl. It maintains all the traditional loops, if/else, and subroutines that are expected in a programming language. One difference between the two is that the code'?' is embedded in with the HTML; you could however, use a separate file. The PHP code is different from HTML code by use of the opening and closing tags. When it finds a PHP file, it tells the server to scan through for these tags, and execute the code in between them. The server recognizes a PHP enabled file by its extension, .php. These are essentially HTML files with PHP codes in them.

Getting Started

To start PHP requires a server with PHP installed and a simple ASCII text editor such as Notepad or VI, eMacs, Kate, etc. for a UNIX/Linux machine.

What are the problems faced by PHP?

It is case sensitive. For example if you name a variable $MyVar, you cannot call it as $myvar or $mYvAr. In case you forget to close your curly brackets, then it helps to indent lines inside the curly braces so that any missing braces can be spotted easily.

Page titles

To help obtain high page rankings with search engines, the contents of your page title are one of the most important things that need to be dealt with. The page title is the first amount of information provided to a search engine describing the contents of the page. You should also be aware that the page title provides information about the contents not only to search engines, but to visitors as well. The page title will show up at the top of the browser window. Your page title should include your keywords and should be no longer than 60 characters long. If it is too long, your visitor will only see the first part. An easy way to figure out the length of a page title is to type it into a word processor that contains a word count feature. Since your page title needs to be a certain length, it is important to make the best use of the space, and although some words that are not key, will use up that valuable space, the title itself still needs to make sense. A keyword in your title can be repeated, but having the same words more than two times is not recommended. Compare your page title to others and see what makes their content look appealing enough to catch a potential visitor's eyes. Your page title needs to stand out between the other nine titles on the search engine results page. As you design your site, remember the fact that visitors may be directed to somewhere other than the homepage because the search engine believes it is the best match for a keyword. With this in mind, all pages of your website should be considered unique and have their own title.

Meta tags

For your site to be effective, you need to develop Meta tags. These tags are a site description and a keyword list. It is important to note that not all search engines use these Meta tags. Starting with your home page, you will need to insert two Meta tags. The first is a Meta description sentence and the second is a Meta keyword list. The information you put here is for search engines to use when they review your site. This review process is known as crawling and is done with a program called a spider or robot. The description tag serves two purposes. The spiders search it for keywords and it is also displayed to a surfer as they view search engine results. The information obtained by the spiders is kept in a database that is used when a person types in a query to a search engine. When you create your Meta keyword list, order them from the most relevant to the least. The first part of your list should contain the keywords that best describe your site and are unique enough that when someone does a search, there is not a large amount of competition to go up against. Make sure that all the keywords used in the description tags are again listed. The words at the end of your list are known as wildcards and include synonyms and words that could have been spelled wrong when someone was doing a search. During your Meta tag creation process, do not be afraid to go to other people's websites and see what they have used. Type in the same words you would like to include in your lists and see what the search engines display. This is a very good way to help determine your competition.

There are many factors that you need to consider when hiring a webmaster, you need to ensure that you will get customer satisfaction as well as good value for money. You would hate to choose an inexperienced webmaster who cannot meet your requirements because you would have to go through the whole process again to get the job done. It means if you made any partial payment you may lose that which will then lower your budget when looking for another webmaster.

Firstly you have to identify the places that you can find these talented webmasters who have the skills to complete you job. There are many relevant forums such as DigitalPoint, WickerFire and Web Talk Forums where you will be able to post exactly what you need and people who are capable will get in contact stating a price if you haven't set a maximum budget. Aside from the forums there are specific websites that aims to connect freelances with clients so that you can get all your work done much easier and in a timely manner. You could also ask your friends and family to see if they have been in the market in the past for something similar and found a reliable good webmaster, this will also take a lot of the risks out because you know that they are here to make a living and not out to scam unsuspecting people.

If you are going to search the forums or websites for a webmaster you should be very cautious about what you state in your thread and make sure you don't miss any important information out that may prolong the process.

This is the kind of information you should always state when creating a project on a forum or freelance website:

• Exactly what you need doing, try to include as much detail as possible as it will make it easier for the webmaster to quote you an accurate price. It will also prevent the conversation in between telling the webmaster what they need to do. If you can do this successfully they should have everything they have to get started as soon as you accept the quote.
• Deadline, one of the most important things for a webmaster is to know the maximum deadline. This will also remove the factor of them having to rush a job to get it done to an unexpected deadline because if the webmaster was to miss any deadlines it will look bad from their side which may deter many other people from using them in the future.
• Maximum budget, this is quite important in the fact that it will eliminate any webmasters that charge over your budget so is well worth putting into the pitch somewhere.
• Any additional information that you feel will be beneficial to the chosen webmaster.

After you have set your project up you will get overwhelmed with responses and quotes from people who believe they are capable of meeting your requirements. You then have to go through the responses one by one to see if anyone stands out from the crowd, your budget will be a major deciding point at this stage because if anyone has quoted an amount over your budget you can discard that right away.

You should always ask for samples of previous work so that you will be confident in your decision and don't choose anyone that is simply after your money. Any reputable webmaster will have a portfolio showcasing their talents and strengths ready for you to take a look at. Each forum or website will have a rating system in place so you can see how successful they have been since starting as a freelance webmaster. Take a look at their history and feedback to see what comments past customers have left as this will be the only information you can rate them on.

When you have found the webmaster you want to take on, the next step is to arrange payment. Many people will require a 50% upfront or a deposit of some sort to show the webmaster that you are serious about this and want the working doing. If you are new to the freelance website/forum you will not have built any reputation or feedback so they may request full payment upfront to secure the job. Check their feedback before you make any payments but if it seems to be 100% positive then everything should run smooth.

You can use payment methods such as escrow or paypal to make things a little safer as if you don't get what was promised you can file a charge back and have a good chance to get some, if not all of your money back. Try to build a good reputation on these websites so that in future if you need any work doing it will be a lot easier to have a smooth transaction.