BETA is a pure object oriented programming language developed by Scandinavian School in System Development, Nordic Universities.

This was released after a series of enhancements of their first object oriented language SimulaI which was a simulation language. Soon it was generalized into Simula67 which had the object oriented framework, and worked on the concepts of class, sub-class, virtual functions etc. This was enhanced by another object oriented language Delta that worked for system description; this meant it could express predicate logic and state changes. This was a non-executable effort and thus did not qualify as a language. So it was decided to design a programming language Gamma that works as Delta but is executable.

Eventually, Gamma was never made, rather Beta was made. While Beta was being made, it was realized that Beta was much more powerful than what Gamma would be or ever could be. Beta is a programming language like C++.

Currently, BETA is available on UNIX workstations, on PowerPC Macintosh and on Intel-based PCs. BETA has an optimum balance between compile time checking and run time checking. The type cast checking is done at compile time, however, for the entire set of type check and type conversion to be done at compile time requires a lot of time and thus increases the complexity of a program. Thus, an optimum balance has been made.

BETA is a logical description of the language. It works on the concepts of class, sub-class, virtual functions etc. It also contains transient variables, ones whose scope is program execution, and persistent variables, those whose values are retained in the disk space and are available at the time of next execution.

As an athlete, or someone who is coaching athletes, you have a unique viewpoint of your sport and can profit from it online! Here's a list of reasons why you need to bring your knowledge to the internet today:

1. You need more money. You may have a job you love, and even make decent money. You may hate your job and get paid peanuts. Either way, a web business can help! You will be able to make a decent side income to supplement what you have, or even make a career out of your online business.

2. You need more time. Having an online business means you can create passive income, and free up the amount of time you have to spend working.

3. You can give back to the world. Creating a site around a concept that you are aware of or that you already teach others means bringing those ideas to the world. If you are an expert in a certain sport why keep everything to yourself? If you are a coach, why not teach to a massive audience instead of a small, local one?

4. You are an individual and don't like bosses. Who likes to have a boss, even one that you get along with? A web business can eventually free you from this seemingly inevitable human condition, of having to answer to someone besides yourself.

5. You want a flexible schedule. Maybe you love your coaching job and always want to do it, but it doesn't pay the bills. Maybe you just want to leave the 8-5 world and create your own hours. Either way, a web business is a great way to great freedom daily, and not be a slave to a schedule.

You've got plenty of reasons. Now it's time to take the first step in starting your sports business online!

Functions are used to perform a well defined task that is normally repeated at various places within a web site, web application, or other software application. The function sometimes needs certain information before performing its task, and sometimes returns a value to the calling page or program.

An example of how to use a simple function in PHP:

 function showMessage() {
echo "{$_SESSION["message"]}"; }

The above example shows a very simple function that displays the contents of a session variable called 'message'. The idea being that while a user is using a web site, etc, various messages are generated and stored in the 'message' session variable. Whenever the showMessage function is called, the contents of the session variable are displayed. So, for example, when the user logs on, you could display a message saying that they have done so. Likewise, when they log off, a different message could be displayed.

Calling a function

To call the showMessage function, you would just need to include the line:

showMessage()

in the web page (wrapped in php tags to distinguish it from normall HTML).

Passing values to a function

Often, a function requires one or more input values in order to perform its task. For example, take the following example that takes two numbers as input, and adds them together. The result is then returned to the calling web page or program.

function addNumbers($number1,$number2) {
$answer = $number1 + $number2;
return $answer; }

In the calling program we would have something similar to the following:

$number1 = "5";
$number2 = "6";
$sumOfNumbers = addNumbers($number1,$number2);
echo "$sumOfNumbers";

Obviously, in a real program you would not have the numbers hardcoded like this, but they would be obtained from user input or by some other means. Notice also that although the name of the returned variable is $answer, the calling program makes no reference to that. We could, if we wanted to, change the calling program to:

$answer = addNumbers($number1,$number2);
echo "$answer";

which might make things slightly easier to understand.