What Is PHP?

The full form of PHP is Hypertext PreProcessor and is a server-side scripting language. The PHP code can be combined with regular HTML tags and parsed on the server. The creator of PHP, Rasmus Lerdorf first displayed the language in the form of a Perl script . In 1997 it was adapted by Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski to use a C-written compiler. They completely reconstructed the original PHP into the web language that we know and use today.

Uses of PHP

It is used in the creation of dynamic web pages. Web developers like it because of its fast parsing and flexibility and versatility. PHP is a popular tool for managing a form's data after it is submitted and comes built in with many different interfaces and API's. It has database capability built into the language, the most common database being MySQL. Typically the PHP can connect to any SQL enabled database.

The Syntax of PHP is similar in structure to Perl and C where curly braces { } define blocks of code and semi-colons specify the end of a statement PHP is as easy to learn as Perl. It maintains all the traditional loops, if/else, and subroutines that are expected in a programming language. One difference between the two is that the code'?' is embedded in with the HTML; you could however, use a separate file. The PHP code is different from HTML code by use of the opening and closing tags. When it finds a PHP file, it tells the server to scan through for these tags, and execute the code in between them. The server recognizes a PHP enabled file by its extension, .php. These are essentially HTML files with PHP codes in them.

Getting Started

To start PHP requires a server with PHP installed and a simple ASCII text editor such as Notepad or VI, eMacs, Kate, etc. for a UNIX/Linux machine.

What are the problems faced by PHP?

It is case sensitive. For example if you name a variable $MyVar, you cannot call it as $myvar or $mYvAr. In case you forget to close your curly brackets, then it helps to indent lines inside the curly braces so that any missing braces can be spotted easily.

Selecting a domain name - Domain name provides an identity to a website. It confirms your space on the internet as it denotes the name of your website that is entered by a user in search box to land on your site. For instance- yahoo.com, sujivan.org, usa.net and so on. Usually the user should opt for a domain name that ends with .com, .net or, org. These are the most common extensions used by the surfers. Many companies offer domain names at discounted rate, so keep an eye on online discounts if you want to purchase domain name at discounted price.

Web Hosting - Every website that is being launched requires a web hosting for database support and web application. Many service providers offer free web hosting service, this should be avoided and instead go for companies providing this service by taking some nominal monthly fees. Otherwise chances of the host offering free web hosting to put up their banner on your site is there which may prove harmful for your business. If the user does not have much traffic they can go for shared hosting and when increases switch on to solo web hosting traffic.

Website design and development- Next step is to hire a professional web designer to design your site. Take a note that the designer should have knowledge of HTML which is basic requirement for web designing. If you desire increased traffic to your site make sure that it is pleasant looking, fast downloadable and dynamic. Once web design part is complete then move for website development. Hire a professional web developer to develop advance functionality of your website.

Content creation - Content management and creation is one of the most important aspects of any website. It can be considered as heart of any site, as relevant information, goals, objectives, discussions, etc fall under the content category. Can you imagine any website without content? Not possible, it's the backbone of every site whether personal or commercial. The content should be to the point and relevant, devoid of any grammatical errors.

Search engine optimization - To get increased traffic to your website, it is essential that it is visible in first or second page of major search engines like Google, msn and yahoo. This can be done by search engine optimization of certain keywords that the user is likely to enter in the search box. Higher rank in the search engine lands more visitors at your website. You can hire an SEO expert or give this work to your web development company who has this facility.

Thus these were certain essential key steps for starting up a successful website. These are followed by other website enhancing tools like online marketing, multimedia designs, graphics, flash, ecommerce, database application, logo design and website maintenance.

In layman language Web 2.0 means the second generation of web development. The first generation web development is considered to be the great dot-com bubble of late 90's and the rupture of which around late 2001 triggered ubiquitous reactions that the Web was over hyped. Concept of second generation of Web development started after a media conference between O'Reilly and MediaLive International. In this brainstorming session it was realized that the web has thrown up more interesting applications and Web technology has emerged more important that ever and the word Web 2.0 was coined. Web 2.0 is a business revolution making a bent towards the web as a platform. Web 2.0 doesn't have a definite boundary and there are several things encompassing a core. Web 2.0 is visualized as principles and collection of numerous sites running on those principles at some distance from the core.

Since then Web 2.0 has remained a top level discussion for proper definition and boundary that is yet to be reached. One can simply say blogs, social bookmarking, wikis, podcasts, RSS feeds, and lightweight business over a single platform. Web is no more one way, now uploading, and downloading of information happens simultaneously, sharing and distributing contents across networks leveraging the power of "Long Tail".

Web 2.o includes numerous practices. Here are some typically implemented practices by websites:

• Well-off internet applications based on Flex or Ajax.
• This intend to allow information intended for end-users, such as contact information, calendar events, geographic coordinates, content life, social relationships etc
• Presentation is separated from content through Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
• High-end APIs (Application programming interfaces).
• Content Syndication through RSS or Atom.
• Facility for content creation through users, also by machines from client side or server side.

Content Syndication: Syndicating partial or whole content through standard protocols such as RSS, Atom, and RDF by using XML so as to be used by the end-users for their need.

Some misconceptions on Web 2.0:

• Curvy designs (This curvy structures became widely popular at the same time, designers also started making more websites with this cool looking styles)
• Use of Ajax or Flex (Which happens to come in the same time of Web 2.0, No doubt that websites with web 2.0 architecture needs these to work well.)

Web 2.0 is not an alien to criticism and had its fair share. Here are some criticisms leveled at Web 2.0

• Web 2.0 is not a new version of World Wide Web at all. It merely uses the technologies and architectures of Web 1.0.
• Ajax is not substituting the HTML protocol; it's an additional layer over HTML.
• Blogs or social networking was features of Amazon.com since 1995 when the word called Web 2.0 dint exist. It's way more than only blogs and social networking.